383. Since the intellect corresponds to the lungs, and consequently thought to the respiration of the lungs, therefore soul and spirit in the Word symbolically mean the intellect, as in the statements, "You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul" (Matthew 22:37), and that God will give a new heart and a new spirit (Ezekiel 36:26, Psalm 51:10).* We have already shown above that "heart" is used symbolically to mean the love of the will.** Therefore by soul and spirit are symbolically meant the wisdom of the intellect. [2] In The Doctrine of the New Jerusalem Regarding the Lord, nos. 50, 51, it may be seen that by the spirit of God, called also the Holy Spirit, is meant Divine wisdom, and so Divine truth, through which a person has enlightenment. That is why the Lord breathed on His disciples and said, "Receive the Holy Spirit" (John 20:22). That is why it is also said that Jehovah God breathed into Adam's nostrils the breath of life, and he became a living soul (Genesis 2:7). That, too, is why He said to the prophet, Prophesy upon the spirit?, and say to the wind?: 'Come from the four winds, O spirit, and breathe on these slain, that they may live.' (Ezekiel 37:9) So similarly elsewhere. So it is that the Lord is called the breath of the nostrils*** and also the breath of life. [3] Because breath passes through the nostrils, therefore the nose symbolizes perception; and an intelligent person is said to have a keen nose, and an unintelligent one not a keen nose. It is owing to this, too, that the word for spirit and wind in Hebrew and in some other languages is the same. For the word "spirit" is derived from a word meaning "to breathe." Consequently when a person dies he is also said to breathe his last and yield up the spirit. It is owing to this as well that people believe the spirit to be a gust of wind or some airy entity, like a puff of breath exhaled from the lungs, and the soul likewise. [4] It can be seen from this that to love God with all one's heart and all one's soul means to do so with all one's love and all one's intellect, and that giving a new heart and a new spirit means giving a new will and a new intellect. Because the word "spirit" symbolically means the intellect, therefore it is said of Bezalel that he was filled with the spirit of wisdom, understanding, and knowledge (Exodus 31:3); of Joshua that he was full of the spirit of wisdom (Deuteronomy 34:9); by Nebuchadnezzar of Daniel that he had an excellent spirit in him, of knowledge, understanding, and wisdom (Daniel 5:11,12); and in Isaiah, "Those who err in spirit will know understanding" (Isaiah 29:24). So likewise in many other places. * The words for "soul" and "spirit" in the original Greek and Hebrew, as also in Latin, have as their fundamental meaning wind or breath. ** No. 378. *** Lamentations 4:20.