The process of regeneration is on the model of a person's conception, gestation in the womb, birth and upbringing.

The natural and spiritual events in a person's life, that is, what happens to his body and what to his spirit, are so ordered as permanently to correspond. The reason is that a person is by birth spiritual as regards his soul, and he is clothed with a natural form which is constituted by his material body. When therefore this is laid aside, his soul, clothed in his spiritual body, comes into the world where all things are spiritual, and there associates with people like him. Now the spiritual body has to be formed in the material one, a process accomplished by the inflow of truths and various kinds of good from the Lord through the spiritual world. These are inwardly received by the person in such things belonging to the natural world as are called civil and moral; so it is evident how the process of formation takes place. Because, as already said, there is a permanent correspondence between the natural and spiritual events in a person's life, it follows that this process must resemble his conception, gestation in the womb, birth and upbringing. That is why natural births in the Word mean spiritual births, that is, the birth of good and truth. For whatever stands in the literal or natural sense of the Word, enfolds and stands for something spiritual. I demonstrated fully in the chapter on the Sacred Scripture that every detail of the literal sense of the Word contains a spiritual sense.

[2] The natural births mentioned in the Word refer to spiritual births, as is evident from the following passages.

We have conceived, we have given birth, we have as it were brought forth [wind], we have not done what is sound. Isa. 26:18.

At the presence of the Lord you give birth*, o earth. Ps. 114:7.

Has the earth given birth in one day? Shall I break and not bring to birth, and cause to give birth but close** up the womb? Isa. 66: 7-10. Sin gives birth and No shall be on the point of being breached. Ezek. 30:16.

The pangs of childbirth shall come upon Ephraim. He is an unwise child, because at the right time he does not stand in the womb of sons. Hosea 13:12, 13.

There are many other similar passages. Since natural births in the Word mean spiritual births, and these are the Lord's work, He is called He who forms and brings out of the womb. This is clear from these passages among others:

Jehovah your maker and who forms you from the womb. Isa. 44:2.

He who brings me from the womb. Ps. 22:9.

I have been placed upon you from the womb, from my mother's inmost parts it was you who brought me forth. Ps. 71:6.

Pay attention to me, you who were carried by the belly, borne by the womb. Isa. 46:3.

This is why the Lord is called 'Father' (as at Isa. 9:6; 63:16, John 10:30; 14:8, 9), and those who are in possession of good and truth from Him are called 'sons', 'born of God' and 'brothers' among themselves (Matt. 23:8, 9). It is also why the church is called 'mother' (Hosea 2:2, 5; Ezek. 16:45).

* Reading parturis for parturit, as elsewhere when this verse is quoted. ** 'not close' in the Latin, but corrected in the author's copy.