989. As regards ruling over falsities the same applies as with ruling over evils, namely that of himself no one is able in the slightest to rule over falsity. Since the subject here is the regenerate person' s rule over evil desires, which are 'the beast of the earth' and over falsities, which are 'the bird of the air',^a it should be recognized that nobody can possibly say he has been regenerated unless he acknowledges and believes that charity is the primary constituent of his faith and unless he is moved to love his neighbour and pity him. It is from charity that his new will is formed, and it is by means of charity that the Lord works good and truth deriving from it, and not by means of faith devoid of charity. There are people who practise the works of charity solely out of a sense of obedience, that is, because it has been so commanded by the Lord, but who are nevertheless not regenerate. Provided they do not presume any righteousness to lie in their works, these people are regenerated in the next life.

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