(a) Man is altogether impotent in spiritual things. Pages 15, 18, 219, 318, 579, 656, etc. Appendix, page 141. (b) By the fall of his first parents, man has become so totally corrupt as to be by nature blind with respect to spiritual things which relate to conversion and salvation, and so accounts the Word of God as a foolish thing. He is, and continues to be, an enemy to God until by the power of the Holy Spirit, through the preaching and hearing of the Word, he is converted, gifted with faith, regenerated and renewed by pure grace without any co-operation on his part. Pages 656, 657. (c) Man is altogether corrupt and dead to what is good, so that in the nature of man since the fall and before regeneration there is not so much as a spark of spiritual vigour subsisting or remaining whereby he can prepare himself for the grace of God, or lay hold of it when offered, or of and by himself be capable of receiving it, or understand, believe, embrace, think, will, begin, perfect, act, operate or co-operate in spiritual things, or apply or accommodate himself to grace, or contribute anything towards his conversion, either in the whole, the half, or the least part. Pages 656, 658. (d) In spiritual and Divine things which regard the soul's salvation, man is like the pillar of salt into which Lot's wife was turned, and like a stock or a stone without life and having neither the use of eyes, mouth, nor any of the senses. Pages 661, 662. (e) Still, man has the power of movement and can govern his external members, attend public worship and hear the Word of God and the Gospel but in his private thoughts he despises all this as something foolish, and in this respect he is worse than a stock unless the Holy Spirit becomes effective in him. Pages 662, 671, 672, 673. (f) Still, man's conversion is not just like the formation of a statue from stone, or the stamping of an impression on wax, which have neither knowledge, sense nor will. Pages 662, 681. (g) In his conversion, man is a merely passive subject, not an active one. Pages 662, 681. (h) In his conversion, man does not at all cooperate with the Holy Spirit. Pages 219, 579, 583, 672, 676. Appendix, pages 143, 144. (i) Since the fall, man retains and possesses the faculty of knowing natural things, also free-will in some measure to choose natural and civil good. Pages 14, 218, 641, 664. Appendix, page 142. (k) The assertions of certain of the Fathers and modern Doctors that God draws man, though with his consent, are not in agreement with Holy Scripture. Pages 582, 583. (l) When man is born again by the power of the Holy Spirit, he co-operates, though very feebly, by means of the new powers and gifts which the Holy Spirit began to operate in him at his conversion, not indeed forcibly, but freely. Pages 582, etc., 673-5. Appendix, page 144. (m) Not only the gifts of God, but also Christ Himself, dwell by faith in the reborn, as in His temples. Pages 695, 697, 698. Appendix, page 130. (n) There is a vast difference between baptized persons and those not baptized; for it is according to the doctrine of Paul that all who have been baptized have put on Christ and are truly regenerate, these having thereby acquired freedom of will, that is, made free again, as Christ testifies. Wherefore, they not only hear the Word of God but are in truth also enabled, though very feebly, to assent to and embrace it by faith. Page 675. It should be observed that the foregoing extracts are taken from a book called Formula Concordiae, which was written by men of the Augsburg Confession. Nevertheless, the same doctrines concerning Justification by Faith Alone are maintained and taught by the members of the Reformed Church in England and Holland; wherefore the following treatise is intended for all. See also below, paragraphs 17 and 18.